Social and Economic Concerns in Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Social and Economic Concerns in Australia. Answer: Introduction Since the global recession in 2008 -09 countries across the world were shaken and economically distressed. Several challenges cropped up. Reports identified that some challenges were borne from domestic issues while other developed from increasing awareness towards interdependency of the world. Challenges and issues like terrorism, human rights, climate change, community breakdown, criminal activities and crime are some of the key social issues that impact on the social life of the people. The thesis here will hence study and discuss several issues faced by the Australia in recent years (the Guardian, 2017). A report published in 2015, still highlights the issues like Economic and Financial subjects are the key areas of concerns and in these areas Australia is facing problem. Research Aim and Objectives The primary aim of the study is to conduct an empirical study on social and economic concerns of Australia since 2015 till present. The secondary aim however emphasises on discussing various facets of concern that is plaguing the present situation. After identifying the aim of the study the following objectives are underpinned to give a direction to the entire investigation; To study and analyse the key issues in the present economic situation in Australia To conduct an empirical study to understand how far the global issues have impacted on the socio economic aspects of Australia To understand ways in which the Government is developing policies to handle situation To discuss about the issues and its implication in future Research Question Research question is of key concern in a thesis as it acts like a guideline and help in project management. The questions are thus underpinned below; What are the key issues in the socio-economic domain in Australian scenario? How far economic issues in the post-recession affected environment impact on the social life of people? What are key challenges faced by Australian in the past few years? Literature Review Economic issues: Australian economic issues were dominated by three main areas, such as unemployment, housing concerns and economy. Lack of jobs and employment opportunities are impacting on the lives of Australians. Low employment opportunities available to the younger generation is affecting severely on the economic condition of the country. Problems associated with immigration and so on are also common in manufacturing domain. Besides this several complain about Australian economy and high debts as well as deficit. General economic problems are unique and lack of industries in Australia also impacted on overall economic environment. Poor global economic conditions have further affected on the overall environment. Housing affordability is also highlighted by several analysts as a unique area for concern (Oecd.org, 2017). In 2007 changes in the political environment encouraged modification in social life of Australians Change in the federal election further led to a transition environment. Kevin Rudd brought the federal labour back after 11 years. Rudds victory in November election encouraged change and also gave more responsibilities towards the environment. Thus, in the 21st century several challenges were faced by the Australian society. It could be mentioned that for instance, the global financial instability, such as soon after the end of the recession several underlying problems continued within the society. The particular size, complexity as well as link between the private financial market also sometimes challenges the system and impact on overall performance. The government is expected to intervene and supervise the situation as well as regulate. Besides this, other problems like nuclear proliferation led to tension. Current focus on development of nuclear weapons as continued by US and Russia further tensed the situation and Australia remained active in the arms controlling activity (ABC News, 2017). The cyber-revolution is another area which led to enhancement in productivity and prosperity. Development of new technologies has improved efficiency in work. The growth of advanced system has also encouraged new criminal activities like cyber- attacks and data theft. Thus several types of issues are impacting on the overall economic environment of Australia (Swiericzuk, 2012). Social issues Some of the key social issues that evolved at an alarming rate included, family violence, domestic unrest, national sexual assault, drinking and bullying, safety for women etc. Some of the key activities like reduce violence against women and children, online gambling, attempts to reduce violence against women and domestic level (Denniss et al., 2010). Structure of the Research: The structure of the research here includes five chapter or five specific areas including an introduction to the research area, a critical study and literature review after conducting an empirical system, research methodology and identification of key tools, findings and analysis and conclusion as well as recommendation. The topic is introduced here in the first chapter. After introducing the topic the aim and objectives are mentioned. Research questions are also underpinned. The exposition here includes evaluation of the topic and how socio economic issues are impacting on Australian environment. The literature review section evaluates from various journals and PDF. The researcher conducts an empirical study on several journals, books, pdf and other articles and research publications. The critical review of the literature is presented here. Methodology section however introduces specific tools and techniques that are used in the research work. After identifying key tools of research analysis findings and evaluation section is presented critically. In the end the conclusion is mentioned and recommendations put forward after identifying gaps in the existing research studies. Methodology In order to complete the research study in a systematic way the researcher here, has concentrate on selecting specific tools as well as researching techniques and completed the research work in a systematic manner to reach a logical conclusion. Since this is the important segment in research work that helps the researcher in completing the investigation in a defined manner. Some of the key approaches those were implemented here includes the research methods, design, data collection method and sampling technique. Secondary data will be studied for the purpose of evaluation and analysis. The researcher will primarily study from a vast array of available resources on Australian economic and social conditions. Information may be collected from a variety of sources from different sources (Chandra and Sharma, 2013). Secondary data analysis is strictly accumulated from previously published information on the same topic. This secondary data is generated by several expert researchers on conduction of study on the same topic and these are released later on. The secondary data is collected to ensure proper understanding of the topic. The information on the topic is hence collected by studying extensively from available sources, specially journals, books and other research works published on the topic. The researcher here has referred to journals, PDFs, articles and structured reports on the topic. Systematic searching as well as data skimming procedure has been implemented for collection of information from Google, JSTOR, Ref Repository, Google Scholar, Mintel etc. the research procedure is secondary qualitative analysis. After identifying some prominent key words the following research work has been completed in a defined way (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004). Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion and Exclusion criterion has been followed while conducting the research works. In this a secondary data analysis based qualitative research inclusion and exclusion has been followed. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria particularly help in recognizing specific information on the topic by following criterion. In this research study on Australian economic and social issues the researcher could successfully collect a large amount of information from the available resources, it is essential to eliminate all unnecessary data from available resources on economic condition around the world and this could be only done by implementing this inclusion and exclusion parameters. In this particular research the analyst underpins key selected articles published in English language only. Once the data has been collected all the non English as well as irrelevant content were eliminated from the study (Kothari and Garg, 2016). Inclusion Exclusion Study and select only relevant data that are based on in-depth primary analysis and thorough studies on the socio-economic challenges and issues in Australia. Exclude all information and research studies that lacks in proper primary research work In the research evaluation select and include those respective data that are specifically on Australia and about socio-economic challenges. There are various challenges suffered during the post-recession environment. These social and economic issues are specifically chosen for discussion Studies that include exploring issues beyond Australian context and other problems of Australia. Such as political, legal and technological research works are not included here. Only social and economic research findings are included. Studies published in English language were includes here Research works published in other language were eliminated as translation will take additional time Studies published after 2014 are included here Research works published before 2007 are excluded from the study Journal selection: Journal/ Article Title Author Year of Publication IZA Journal of Development and Migration: Migration, entrepreneurship and development: critical questions Wim Naud, Melissa Siegel and Katrin Marchand 2016 Migration a Challenge to the 21st Century Maciej St. Zi?ba 2008 Social capital and economic development in regional Australia: A case study AndrewWoodhouse 2009 Contrasts and similarities in economic performance of migrant entrepreneurs Mediha Sahin, Peter Nijkamp, and Soushi Suzuki 2014 Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Growth Pontus Braunerhjelm 2010 The Place of Social Capital in Understanding Social and Economic Outcomes Michael Woolcock 2011 Social dimensions of mining: Research, policy and practice challenges for the minerals industry in Australia Fiona Solomon, Evie Katz and RoyLovel 2008 Global Migration and Social Protection Rights The Social and Economic Security of Cross-Border Students in Australia Ana Deumert, Simon Marginson, Chris Nyland, Gaby Ramia, Erlenawati Sawir 2008 Research Approach: Research approaches help in guiding the analysis process. Namely two types of research approaches inductive and deductive are implemented for evaluation and analysis. Inductive approach is also known as the bottoms-up approach as it allows the researcher to move from specific to general. This approach gives scope for new experimentation and also experimentation of new theories and its impact. Since this approach offers ample scope for evaluation and analysis the researcher has followed the approach here in conduction of research on socio and economic issues in Australia (Kothari and Garg, 2016). Deductive approach is considered where the analyst considers working from general to specific and this is also known as top-down approach. The inference is drawn logically and follows the facts available. On the other hand the Inductive approach is also known as the bottom-up approach and here the evaluation moves from specific to general and offers scope of evaluation, imagination and even development of new theories and models through experimentation (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004). Findings and analysis It is hence evident from the empirical study that present issues like unemployment, low job opportunities; poor industrial growth has impacted on the economic and social conditions. Since people do not have proper jobs, the overall social condition has been under threat in a defined way. Life of people is unique in Australia. Till 2017 various reports highlight how Australia suffered over the years. Growth is projected to increase gradually from 2018 by 3%. There is a steep decline in the investment in the resource sector and this impacted negatively on the support wages. Fiscal policy should be properly developed to ensure generation of high return on investment (Robinson, Tsiaplias and Nguyen, 2015). Key findings from the recent studies as found about Australia are; Shutdown of the car industry: with the shutdown of the manufacturing unit of Ford several people lost jobs. About 600 lost jobs and several staffs in the support industries lost jobs as well. Need for components also reduced and this impacted on the overall business sector. The unemployment rate of Australia is 5.7 per cent high and several auto related workers lost jobs which further triggered the job rate and is now more the 6 per cent. Unemployment rate in Australia is very high. Ethics are an integral aspect of human life and irrespective of the nature of job or background ethics are addressed in a defined way (Swiericzuk, 2012). Ethics are handled properly to manage dilemma in a defined way. After developing a communication strategy it is essential to identify if the respective message has been communicated in a proper way or not. On the online platform, digital device helps in conducting a two-way communication.. Since employee productivity is an integral aspect of business the HRM focuses on adopting several approaches and strategies to increase productivity of the staff. Employee training and performance management are some of key techniques to improve productivity. Motivation approaches are also implemented to enhance overall productivity and employee engagement. Psychological boost, continuous encouragement and training and motivation are most common techniques of motivating employees in a defined way (Kothari and Garg, 2016). According to Torrington et al. (1998), human resource management is a defined process that comprise of key activities such as staffing or acquisition, development, motivation and employee engagement. In the recent studies they further mentioned that it is distinct branch of management that is ideally responsible for maintaining and managing the relationship between the management and employees and also between the employees with other employees. According to scholar s such as Mondy, and Gowan, (2005), the aim of HRM is to maintain harmonious relationship within the organisation. Many researchers have highlighted that HRM is a special technique to ensure that the organisational goals are achieved by meeting individual expectation or in other words, keeping happy employees and employee engaging strategies ensures organisational growth and prosperity. Researchers have studied the concept of human resource management from different angles and evaluated ways in which it assists in the companys growth and profitability (Eldridge and Nisar, 2006). Thinkers have mentioned that HRM has identified employees as an asset to the organisation, such as Google, and hence they develop effective strategies to ensure productivity, business enhancement through employee engagement and retention strategies (Kothari and Garg, 2016). French Wendell, (2005) the Human resource management is concerned with personnel administration. In the contemporary research on human resource management a study on the strategic approach of the management has been time and again studied. Researchers have identified that HRM is an offshoot of personnel management that was strictly about management of staff in an organisation setup. Conclusions It could be hence conclude here that in the post-recession affected scenario several issues impacted on Australian social and economic situation. Several lost jobs as key industries were affected. Firms and manufacturing units of auto companies closed down and this impacted negatively on the economic situation. The codes should be evaluated in relation with the values such as ways in which these impact on an individuals work or area of interest and affect performance in a positive or negative way. Stakeholders should be informed to eliminate issues like any type of conflicts or professional hazards in a defined way. The development of the codes has a significant impact on the society and also on life of people. Considering an ethical approach in the work will help in recognising as well as minimising various negative impacts. Thus promotion of equal opportunity in the work environment will help in creating a positive and healthy environment. Recommendations and / or future research Following recommendations may be put forward after completing the study and identification of gaps in the existing study. Firstly, the government should introduce new policies for making investment and growth in the specific sector. Secondly, since Australia is a colourful land with several beautiful destinations, they could easily focus on growing the tourism industry. Development and focus should be given on travel and tourism event management and then on the business enhancement. Thirdly, special focus should be given on lowering employment level. Employment should be specially focussed to enhance job opportunities. Fourthly, improvement on economic condition will help in improving living condition and social improvement could be achieved. Research limitations Some of the practical problems that would be experienced during the conduction of the investigation on the topic are, one of the first issues would be the budget and secondly the student would face trouble with time constraint. Here in this student research work the budget and time are the main issues that restrict an individual from collection of essential information. Since there is a limited budget the students has limited scope of studying from academic journals or invest in books. The researcher however, have visited the university library, online libraries and also explored materials from seniors. He could invest very little and collect new materials for the study. Secondly, while circulating the questionnaire among the respondents in companies to find out about the human resource development and its connection with employee productivity, he might feel restriction or lack of cooperation in the survey. The data collection process is hence difficult and might not help in collecti ng data in the expected way. Thirdly, the time is the main limitation as it is difficult for a researcher to complete a professional standard project within a short time period. References Journals: Australian Journal of Social Issues: Special Issue Devoted to Selected Papers from the 2007 Australian Social Policy Conference. 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